The species variety of roses will not leave indifferent any gardener, because today you can find flowers for every taste. Among the most popular options are Floribunda roses, which have many advantages. What characteristics they have, how to care for them, what you should know about planting and what varieties you can choose - read more about this.
What is floribunda rose
Floribunda roses are a hybrid tea variety, the use of which was also used for polyanthus and nutmeg varieties. Of course, each of them had its own differences, advantages and disadvantages, but as a result, the breeders still managed to get a relatively unpretentious plant, with high decorative qualities.
Based on a specific variety, the height of the stem of the flowers can vary from 30 to 100 cm, and on its top there is a whole bunch of bright and fragrant flowers. The diameter of the corolla is on average 4–10 cm, the flowers are cup-shaped or goblet-shaped, simple or double.
The beginning of flowering usually occurs in late June or early July, after which it continues until November or until the first frost. Each flowering wave is characterized by the appearance of an increasing number of flowers, and most importantly their advantage in splendor and abundance: the bushes are literally completely covered with large flowers.
Floribunda roses can be grown both in the form of shrubs or standard plants, and in a potted way, which will become not only a decoration of the garden, but also an excellent decorative element of the interior, terrace or balcony, keeping their freshness for a long time.
Did you know? Growing roses will benefit not only aesthetically, but also help improve the emotional state of a person. Researchers from the University of Rutgers have come to the conclusion that the more often a person inhales the aroma of roses, the kinder it becomes, brightening and evening your aura.
Varieties
Roses of the described variety are characterized by a considerable list of varieties, but the most common include the following:
- Kimono - a fairly tall plant, reaching 100 cm in height. It looks more like standard tea varieties, with buds of pale pink or peach color. 5–20 buds are usually formed on one brush, due to which the rose is considered one of the most flowering. Shoots are straight and strong, they are not afraid of either frost, or most garden pests.
- Masquerade - a chameleon rose, capable of changing the color of its flowers from a yellow tint to a rich raspberry, and both variants of flowers are often formed on the same branch, which gives the bush even more unusual and elegant. The buds are characterized by a weak aroma, therefore, despite their large number (sometimes up to 10–20 pieces on one brush), a pronounced aroma cannot be obtained. Flowering often continues until October. The leaves are dark green, small in size.
- Freesia - differs from the rest in the golden color of the buds, which retain their color even when they are constantly in the sun. The bush grows up to 70 cm in height, blooms early and is characterized by good resistance to high humidity, diseases and pests.
- Rumba - Another variant of Floribund roses with chameleon flowers, the diameter of which can reach 5 cm. When opened, they are all painted red, but the yellow middle is gradually becoming noticeable. The bush grows to 60 cm, all shoots are straight, densely strewn with dark green leaves with a matte surface. It can be planted as a single plant, or in combination with other varieties in a common flower arrangement. Rumba variety does not belong to resistant plants in terms of pests and diseases, therefore, it needs constant monitoring.
- Stromboli - A great option for creating hedges. Flowers - red, with embossed petals, placed 3-5 in a single brush. Flowering continues from early summer until late autumn, as a result of which a pleasant and fairly strong aroma spreads through the garden. One of the characteristic advantages of the variety is the retention of its shape by buds, and even during the season of prolonged rains. In height, Stromboli roses reach at least 80 cm, but at the same time they look compact and attractive, which is largely due to the fine, dark green and shiny foliage.
Planting seedlings in the open ground
The process of planting Floribunda roses is not much different from planting other varieties of roses, but here some important nuances should be taken into account.
Did you know? Along with white, yellow, red, pink and other popular shades of roses, today there are sky-blue flowers bred in Japan in 2009. The breeders of Suntory Corporation played a key role in their appearance.
The timing
Regardless of the selected variety, it is advisable to plant seedlings in late spring (in the middle or at the end of May) or already in early autumn. Planting container varieties of Floribunda roses can be carried out at any warm time of the year, the main thing is that the soil is warm enough (temperature not lower than + 10 ° С).
Seat selection
Choosing a place to place flowers should be approached with all responsibility. This should be a warm and well-lit area, without the presence of sudden gusts of wind. However, the constant exposure to direct sunlight will have a detrimental effect on the color of most varieties, so it is better to give preference to slightly shaded places.
It is good if the selected site is on the western side of the house, where at noon the sun will not fall on it at all. Before planting flowers, be sure to clear the area of debris, weeds and dig it to a depth of half a bayonet of a shovel.
As for the composition of the soil, an ideal option for the Floribunda rose is a sandy clay soil with good friability. The air exchange between the external environment and the root system of the plant contributes to the formation of buds with a bright color, so if the site is predominantly dense, then you can loosen them a little by applying humus.
Scheme and Depth
You can completely dig up the area under the rose bushes since the fall, but before the direct planting of the plants, you will have to level the soil surface again and dig up the planting pits. The Floribunda rose planting scheme provides for their placement at a distance of 50 cm from each other and at the same distance from the adjacent row.
In close conditions, the root system of flowers will develop poorly, which will negatively affect the flowering of bushes.
After placing the seedlings in the pits (the root neck should be 2-3 cm below the surface of the earth), the remaining space should be covered with a nutritious soil mixture prepared from 2 parts of garden soil, one part of peat, the same amount of sand and humus.
In addition to them, you can also add ½ part of crushed, weathered clay, a handful of superphosphate and bone meal, which will be an excellent fertilizer for roses. After the hole is filled and lightly compacted, it remains only to water the planted seedlings and mulch the soil around them with mowed grass or sawdust.
Important! If you are planting Floribunda rose by a group method, then it is advisable to place no more than 7 plants per 1 m² of land.
This will protect the plants from moisture evaporation and weed germination.
Care Tips
For high decorative roses, any variety of plants will require appropriate care, based on properly organized watering, top dressing and pruning. In addition, weed control, which can greatly drown flowers, causing them to be chopped, will be important. Consider the requirements for each event.
Watering
Drying of the soil when growing Floribunda roses is unacceptable, otherwise the bushes will drop all the buds. The best solution is to constantly keep the soil slightly moist, in the summertime watering it daily, but with a small amount of liquid.
You should not count on rain, and if you are afraid of over-moistening the soil, then bringing the flowers to life after a hot day will help spraying the leaves with warm water from a fine spray, but only in the early evening. A few hours after watering, you can loosen the soil around the bush, increasing the flow of fresh air to the root system of the plant.
It is advisable to water the Floribunda rose in a pre-organized hole, passing in a circle, at a distance of 20-30 cm from the trunk of the bush. It is better to pour water into the recess with a thin stream, avoiding the erosion of the substrate.
Important! In dry times, the bushes will have to be watered even in the fall, at least 1-2 times a week, which will help the root system of the plant stock up with enough moisture.
In September, watering is completely stopped, which will prevent the unwanted growth of new shoots and the formation of flower ovaries, which with the onset of cold weather will simply freeze.
Fertilizer application
For a stable and abundant flowering, any rose needs regular application of nutrients that can be used throughout the season. Organic mixtures (for example, humus or mullein solution) and mineral fertilizers such as nitrate, urea and potassium are equally suitable for the role of top dressing.
The optimal result from their use can be achieved only by alternating organics and minerals, with a frequency of 1 time in 2-3 weeks.
The method of applying nutrients depends on their type: for example, manure can simply be scattered on the surface of the soil, and special complex compounds can be dissolved in water and used to water the plants.
However, when choosing combined mixtures, give preference only to options without a high salt content, especially when growing Floribunl roses on heavy and dense soils.
Accumulating in the soil, they adversely affect the growth and flowering of the plant, so it is better not to use them or use them in limited quantities. The first top dressing of a seedling can be performed no earlier than a year after planting at a constant place of growth.
Loosening and weed control
Loosening the soil is another important event when caring for any rose. These flowers do not tolerate hardening of the soil, because then their root system does not receive vital oxygen. The implementation of this procedure should be systematic, soon after watering, to a depth of not more than 5 cm.
Only when performing all the actions, try not to damage the root system of the rose, because this threatens not only with its infection, but also with the activation of the growth of wild shoots.
Simultaneously with loosening, it is desirable to remove all weeds, which in any place adversely affect the development of roses. They not only take away a substantial part of its nutrients and moisture from it, but also obscure the buds that have appeared from sunlight, as a result of which the flowers become small and not so beautiful.
You can use herbicidal compounds in weed control only as a last resort and that is, choosing drugs that will not get on the rose itself. The easiest way to manually remove weed vegetation, especially since this lesson does not take more than 1-2 hours a week.
Pruning
For any ornamental plant, pruning is an important component of care, because only with its help it is possible to maintain an attractive appearance of the plant in spring, summer or autumn, and to prepare a bush for shelter in winter.
The main shortening of Floribunda rose shoots is usually performed in the spring, when the shoots are shortened by 10-15 cm, thereby removing diseased or frozen specimens and forming a beautiful crown of the bush.
In the summer, it is advisable to cut off faded buds in a timely manner (so the rose will throw out new ones), and in the fall you can cut off only weak bushes or those that will be covered in winter (all faded inflorescences and remaining leaves are removed from them).
For whatever purpose this procedure is carried out, for its implementation you need to choose only sharp garden shears, previously sanitized with a disinfectant.
Shelter for the winter
Before covering the plant for the winter, like all roses, the Floribunda variety must be cut and treated with a Bordeaux mixture, and sprinkled with peat or fallen leaves under the bush.
In regions with harsh winters, you will have to additionally wrap the bush with agrofibre or insulate with a layer of spruce branches.
In areas with snowy and relatively warm winters, a heap of snow marked from above will help to solve the problem of warming.
Rose Floribunda certainly deserves attention, especially if you are interested in tea-hybrid varieties. Its high decorative qualities, combined with the comparative ease of care, make the bushes the desired plants of any garden, which is easy to see a few years after planting a seedling.
