Despite the large number of varieties of tomatoes, breeders do not cease to amaze with new ones. One of the latter is the Budenovka variety, which, despite its popularity, is grown only in private farms. Consider its features.
Description and characteristics of the variety
Variety Budenovka has the following external indicators:
- tomato belongs to varieties with a medium early ripening period, the collection can be carried out 110 days after germination;
- bushes of indeterminate type, average growth - about 1.5 m;
- a large number of shoots on the sides are formed on the plants, so it is recommended to systematically pinch tomatoes;
- the stems of the Budenovka variety are thin, they need a garter;
- typical leaves of a dark green hue;
- the shape of the fruit is rounded with an elongated spout, heart-shaped, slightly ribbed;
- the weight of tomatoes is large - about 300 g;
- from 6 to 8 fruits ripen on each branch;
- the color of mature tomatoes is pink or slightly darker;
- the peel is thin, dense and smooth;
- the pulp of a tomato Budenovka is fleshy, soft, sweet and sour with a lot of seeds;
- fruits can easily transport long distances; do not deteriorate during long-term storage;
- Budenovka tomatoes are resistant to many infections;
- productivity is good - up to 7 kg of tomatoes can be removed from 1 bush;
- can be grown in open areas, in greenhouses and under a film coating;
- it is used fresh, and also sauces or tomato paste are made from fruits.
Pros and cons of the variety
- The advantages of the Budenovka variety include the following points:
- high yield;
- early ripening;
- sufficiently large fruits;
- resistance to pests and diseases;
- self-pollination;
- weather resistance.
- There are some disadvantages:
- mandatory regulation of stem growth;
- tying shoots to supports;
- in the middle lane can only be grown in greenhouses.
Planting and growing tomatoes at home
To get a good harvest, it is recommended to know what conditions are needed for the proper cultivation of tomatoes.
Important! When grown without shelter, the size of the plants will be smaller than in greenhouses.
The optimal microclimate for growing
In order for the bush to grow fully and give a good harvest, it is important to observe certain conditions:
- temperature - above +27 ° С;
- lighting - the light should be at least 12 hours a day;
- humidity is 70%.
When planting seedlings in a polycarbonate greenhouse, you need to create the following conditions for their normal growth:
- tomatoes are photophilous, for full growth they need a fairly long daylight;
- the most favorable temperature in daylight is the range of +22 ... + 25 ° С, at night it should not fall below +16 ° С;
- optimal humidity should be 60%.
Did you know? Wild tomatoes grow in South America, weighing about 1 gram.
Land cultivation
Before planting tomatoes, the ground is watered with a pre-prepared solution. The potassium permanganate solution is taken only freshly prepared. To disinfect the soil, 3 g of potassium permanganate is dissolved in a bucket of water. The composition is added to the prepared wells at the rate of 1 liter per well. For prevention, such manipulations are carried out up to 3 times per season. Copper sulfate for cultivation is prepared at the rate of 50 g of substance per 10 liters of water. The consumption of the resulting composition is 2 l / sq. m
Seed treatment
Since the Budenovka variety is grown using seedlings, seed preparation significantly affects the future crop. This includes their disinfection by soaking in a 5% solution of potassium permanganate for 12 hours and subsequent immersion in a growth stimulator, which will increase the chance of seed germination after planting.
So that the seeds sprout faster, they are first germinated - they are kept in moistened material for a couple of days. At this time, it is important that the ambient temperature is within +25 ° C. To increase the percentage of germination, the seeds are sorted, later placed in a 1.5% saline solution. For landing take only those that have settled to the bottom. Before planting in the ground they are thoroughly washed.
Sowing technology
Sowing is carried out for greenhouses after March 15, and with subsequent planting in open land - later. Seeds are planted in pre-prepared soil at a distance of about 2 cm from each other. In this case, the depth of the deepening is no more than 1.5 cm. From above, professionals recommend pouring a layer of peat or fertile soil.
Preparing for transplanting seedlings
For 14 days, it is necessary to harden seedlings without fail. They do this in order to make it easier to take root and grow. For this, the containers are taken out to the balcony or to another place where the temperature is kept within +10 ºС. It is necessary to keep seedlings there for no more than 2 hours. Such manipulations are repeated for several days in a row, gradually increasing the time.
Important! Before planting in closed ground it is recommended to remove the top layer, since there is a high probability that harmful insects or spores of diseases are in it.
Planting seedlings in a permanent place
Plants can be planted only after they reach the age of 2 months. A guideline is the formation of full 10 leaves on the plant. You need to decide on the place a year before the time of planting, since it is very important for plants which precursors were on the site. The best are cucumbers, carrots, onions, garlic or legumes.
Tomatoes Budenovka transferred to a new place with a lump of land on the roots. To prevent it from shedding, it is recommended to water the ground so that it clings to the roots in a tight lump. Planting pattern - 30 x 60 cm, where the first indicator is the distance between the tomatoes, and the second is between the rows.
How to care for tomatoes
In general, the technology of caring for tomatoes Budenovka is quite simple and consists of the following actions:
- top dressing;
- watering;
- tying up and forming a bush;
- loosening the soil.
Top dressing
For full growth, tomatoes of this variety need mandatory fertilizer application:
- 2 weeks after disembarkation;
- during the opening of buds;
- during the formation of ovaries.
For this, any mineral complex with nitrogen and potassium, a diluted mullein or bird droppings is suitable. Natural fertilizers are bred as follows: 0.5 liters of litter per 10 liters of water. It is important to withstand it for several days before use. In addition, it is possible to carry out single treatments with an aqueous solution of superphosphate.
Watering
Moisture is important for the full formation of the bush and fruits. Abundant watering is needed at such stages of tomato development:
- bloom;
- ovary;
- activation of fetal growth.
The best watering regimen is 2 times a week. After the formation of the ovaries, it is reduced to 1 time. In order not to accidentally get water on the leaves or fruits, which will negatively affect the plant, it is recommended to choose drop watering. However, it is possible with a regular watering can or hose, the main thing is that the water should be directed directly to the roots.Tying and shaping a bush
Tying is just as important when growing tomatoes as is pinching. It is recommended that the stems be tied to pegs that are previously driven into the ground at a distance of 10 cm from the plants. Their height should be approximately 1.5 m. For a large number of bushes, trellises can be made. The bushes are tied with a nylon rope, which will not harm them, but they will be firmly fixed. The formation of the bush begins to be carried out when the plant reaches a height of 50 cm. One main stem is left at the tomato, and the side shoots are stepson. You need to do this every 10 days.
Did you know? Due to the high content of serotonin, the “hormone of happiness” in fruits, tomatoes can cheer up no worse than chocolate.
Soil loosening
It is important after each watering to loosen the ground so that moisture evaporates less. This process can be minimized by laying mulch between the rows. Weeds must be weeded regularly so that they do not take water and nutrients from the ground.
Yield Improvement Methods
Gardeners are well aware of the following methods that help to increase the productivity of the Budenovka variety:
- remove stepchildren in time, which take away some of the important substances;
- pinch the main root to stimulate the appearance of lateral roots;
- break off the top of the stem to improve the formation of lateral branches;
- remove excess leaves in time to minimize shading and increase photosynthesis efficiency;
- lightly tap on the stem during flowering to help complete pollination;
- remove flowers that by the end of the season did not have time to form an ovary to reduce the consumption of nutrients.
Possible growing problems
The Budenovka variety is quite resistant to disease and endowed with good immunity. Despite this, as a preventive measure, the following manipulations should be carried out:
- eliminate excess moisture and observe the rules of daylight;
- so that the plants are not affected by brown spotting, use garlic infusion;
- from attacks of spider mites, use a soap solution that wipes the affected areas.
Harvesting and storage
Harvesting is carried out when the fruit has not yet gained saturated color. This must be done so that they do not oversleep. Professionals dealing with this variety of tomatoes are aware of their distinctive features. It lies in the fact that tomatoes begin to ripen from the inside.
Based on this, when their skin is still greenish, inside they are ready for use, so they are removed in the phase of incomplete ripeness and artificially mature in a dry and warm room. Having carefully studied the features of this variety, you will not make mistakes when growing, and all your efforts will not go unnoticed. As a result, plants will delight you with excellent fruits.
